Mark, if you are going to be an expert on this you need to come up with your own stuff not just lean on ed ward. but since you are still trying to argue on the lack of need for a straight rod tip path...how do you explain ed's 45 thrust or whatchamacallit... the sweep in every cast he does ends in a linear rod tip movement opposite the target and a straight tip path to the target on the forward stroke. why is it everytime someone brings this up you go in a different confusing direction? what does stroke length have to do with the straight rod tip path...nothing...regardless of stroke length it must be straight.